How to Calculate Payments on a Loan

A lot of the time, we are given a couple variablesinstead of values: "=PMT(i,n,pv)". To calculate
and we want to calculate the payments on a loan.payments on your loan, just replace the i with
For example, you are trying to finance a $10,000 carinterest, n with number of payments and pv with the
at a 12% interest rate for 5 years. All you want tototal loan amount.
find out is how much your monthly payment is goingUsing excel to figure this out is by far the easiest
to be and whether or not you can afford thatway. Just plug your variables in and hit enter and you
payment. Just a heads up - you will need a calculatorare finished. If you are deathly afraid of excel, you
to figure out these payments. Since you are probablycan use the old-fashioned formula. Take a look at it
on a computer right now, you can use the calculatorand maybe you might want to give excel a shot first:
on your computer, or you can use excel.Monthly Payment = (pv) * (i/(1-(1+i)^(-n)))
Lets use the example above and try to calculate outOk, let’s solve this using our example:
your monthly payment. First, let’s set someMonthly Payment = (10000) * (.01/(1-(1.01)^(-60)))
terms. PV (Present Value) of the loan is going to beMonthly Payment = (10000) * (.01/(1-0.55045))
$10,000. Your interest rate per year is going to beMonthly Payment = (10000) * (.01/.44955)
.12. However, since we are trying to calculate outMonthly Payment = (10000) * (0.022244)
MONTHLY payments, we are going to want to turnMonthly Payment = $222.44
this 12% per year into a monthly rate. This is asSo we get the same answer of your monthly
simple as dividing .12 by 12 which gives you .01 or 1%.payment being $222.44. Piece of cake!
Finally, we are going to want to define our numberWhat do we learn from this? You are buying a car
of payments, n. We know that it will be 5 years, butfor $10k and you only have to make monthly
we need to convert that into months. Simple aspayments of $222.44 for five years to pay the thing
multiplying 5 by 12 which gives you 60 months.off. Doesn't sound that unreasonable? Well if we add
Ok, so here are our variables:up all the monthly payments, we find that you ended
Total number of payments: n=60up paying a total of $13,346 for a $10,000 car. And
Interest: i=0.01what is your car worth now? $3,000? So by the time
Present Value: pv=10000you pay the car off, you are out a total of over ten
The easiest way to calculate payments is to use agrand!
spreadsheet on your computer like excel. Open upWhat would have happened if the financing option
the program, select a cell and type in the followinghad not been available to you? You might have
exactly (without the quotes): "=PMT(0.01,60,10000)".bought something a little more economical, say a car
Hit enter. This will automatically calculate out yourworth $2500. Even if your car is now worth $500
monthly payment of "-$222.44". This is what yournow, you are still only out two grand instead of being
monthly payment on your car loan should be, givenout over ten grand!
those exact variables. I am sure that the loan youKeep this in mind next time you calculate payments
are trying to calculate payments on has differenton your loan!
variables, so here is the equation using variables