Radon Linked With Cancer: How to Ensure Your Home is Radon-Free

Radon is responsible for at least 15,000 to 20,000radon fan can be easily added at a later date if
getting lung cancer deaths each year in the U.S. Inneeded.
fact, radon exposure is the second-leading cause of• If a sump pump is not required for the
lung cancer in the United States. This tragedy isbasement or if the construction is slab on grade,
compounded by the fact that both radon testing andhave drain tile looped around the perimeter of the
radon mitigation are simple and inexpensive. Whileinside of the foundation and have it terminate with a
nationally 1 in 15 homes may show dangerous levels3 inch PVC "rough in." A 3" PVC vent pipe is sufficient
of radon, the average levels in many parts of thefor spaces that are less than 2,000 square feet. Use
mid-Atlantic may be two to three times higher thana 4" PVC "rough in" and a 4" PVC vent pipe for
this. There are no immediate symptoms of radonspaces larger than 2,000 square feet.
exposure and you cannot see, taste, feel, or smellHow to Measure Radon
radon. Cancer can show up five to 25 years afterHomeowners can test for radon themselves. Order a
exposure and about 12% of lung cancer diagnosesradon test kit and when finished, make sure to
are caused by radon.return the radon test to the laboratory with all the
Where Radon Comes Fromrequired information filled out. Be sure to follow the
Radon is a radioactive gas that occurs naturally in thetest kit instructions to the letter. One of the most
soil. It is a byproduct of uranium decay. Radon can becommon mistakes is over or under exposing the
found in-new homes, older homes, homes in need ofdevices. A radon test result of 4 picocuries (a
repair, homes without basements; there is no pattern.picocurie is one trillionth of a curie and measures
Your neighbor's home might be radon-free, while yourradioactivity) per liter or higher is considered to be a
home has dangerous levels. Radon can come fromhigh radon level. The average radon level in homes is
the ground beneath a home, well water, and various1.3pCi/L and .4pCi/L outdoors. The 1.3 pCi/l national
building materials. The only way to know is to testaverage includes homes in many regions that do not
your home, which can be done for less than $30 withhave radon issues. Keep in mind that the 4.0 pCi/l
a simple kit available at most hardware stores.standard was established as a matter of practicality,
Before Buying a Home:not safety. EPA officials at the time were unsure
• Ask the seller for a copy of the home'swhether the technology and methods employed in
radon test results. If the home has not been tested,1984 were capable of reducing radon levels further.
ask your home inspector to include a radon test in hisRecent studies show a significant risk of lung cancer
report.when exposed at levels between 2 and 4 pCi/l. EPA
• Make sure that the Radon Testingrecommends reducing radon levels to below 2pCi/l if
Checklist items were met.possible.
• Make sure that the last test was recent,If your home does have Radon
at least within the past 2 years.Costs to hire a radon removal professional to lower
• Make sure that the seller has performedradon levels average about $800 to $1,200. Homes
the test in the lowest, livable level of the house. Thiswith crawl spaces or without gravel under the slab
usually means the basement, but if the home has nocost more. Many radon removal configurations exist
basement, test in the lowest level of the house.and include sub slab depressurization (SSD), SSD with
• Ask that the home be tested again if anya crawl space, and air exchangers. The work required
changes have been made to the home's heating,for a successful radon mitigation are beyond the skills
ventilation, and air conditioning system since the lastof most untrained homeowners.
test was done.What to Consider When Hiring a Radon Abatement
• Should you decide to renovate anor Mitigation Firm
unfinished part of the home, test for radon before• Ask to see proof of their certifications
work begins. It is much easier to install a radonfrom National Environmental Health Association
system in an unfinished room. If your test results are(NEHA) and/or the National Radon Safety Board
close to the EPA action level (4.0 pCi/l), test the(NRSB).
space again after work is completed.• Contractors must also be licensed as
When renovating an unfinished part of a home orhome-improvement contactors in each state they
building a new home, look to minimize radonwish to work. The District of Columbia is an
presence.exception in the case of radon work.
To Minimize Radon When Building a New Home:• Make sure the contractor is fully insured.
• The integrity of the slab should be• Have them describe all of the work they
maintained at all times.will be doing.
• Sump pits need to be installed with a• Sign a contract and see that it includes all
sealed cover.promises that were made verbally.
• Use a gas tight radon drain for all floor• Don't pay for work until it is complete.
drains.Down payments are rarely required.
• When framing, run a radon vent pipe from• Ask for at least a 20-year transferable
the basement to the high part of the attic. This pipewarranty.
should not be to close to the attic eaves, so that a